please refer to developer gudie, Flashing a Specific Partition.
you can flash a specific partition instead of flashing the whole device by using the command line option -k.
for example, $ sudo ./flash.sh -r -k A_kernel-dtb jetson-agx-orin-devkit mmcblk0p1
note,
it’s -r option to skips building system.img; reuse the existing one to speed-up flashing process.
in addition,
besides flashing kernel-dtb partition to update your dtb file,
you may updating /boot/extlinux/extlinux.conf to add FDT entry for loading a device tree blob via file system.
please see-also Updating DTB Files for reference.