For me too --no-cache-dir fixed the issue.
The same problem, solved by adding ‘–no-cache-dir’ as said above.
‘sudo’ not mandatory, following worked in a virtual environment:
pip3 install --pre --no-cache-dir --extra-index-url https://developer.download.nvidia.com/compute/redist/jp/v42 tensorflow-gpu
pip3 install --pre --no-cache-dir --extra-index-url https://developer.download.nvidia.com/compute/redist/jp/v42 tensorflow-gpu
unable to install inside virtual environment using this