Hi,
You are conflating several aspects here. Let me share some comments for your use case:
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You are indeed correct that RAW16 does not seem to be documented/supported. But that format is not what you are capturing. As you shared you are capturing 12 bits that due to how NVIDIAs raw memory work is actually 16 bits. Some reference and information on why this is the case here in past posts:
V4l2 returning 14-bit raw instead of 12-bit. What is going on?
Raw Bayer GRBG 12-bit Image Data from CSI-2
Display bayer CSI camera output without ISP - #7 by RS64 -
As far as I know for GStreamer or vooya there is no specific issue whatsoever with this format, it is a matter of what you are looking with these tools. With vooya, sure, the image may look strange (if you do not shift bits and/or eliminate duplicated bits) but it should be possible to display the RAW frame anyways. The specific information about the RAW frame layout should be in the TRM as I pointed out. With GStreamer is a similar story, you could create your own plugin to demosaic the RAW frames or use GstCUDA for example.