I don’t know anything about the specific hardware, but if you see USB announce the device, then it implies the m.2 slot (or USB for USB devices) has done its job. What happens next is that a driver must take ownership of the device. If the driver is not present, or if some sort of customization by the manufacturer causes the device to not be recognized by drivers otherwise capable of using this device, then nothing more happens and the device will be there without function.
Due to RF compliance it isn’t unusual for firmware to also be required for WiFi devices. Any driver would require the device to be set up by its firmware before it can load without error. Your WiFi may not require extra firmware, but this could also cause failure.
Someone else may be able to answer for your specific case, but you’ll need to include the log of “dmesg
” first.