hello yxz1295324,
nevertheless, it’s not reasonable to access camera app without connect any camera.
here’s another proposal for your verification,
instead of access camera app without camera devices, please have software simulated methods to force-stop the sensor stream to test your use-case. you’re able to force stop video stream via sysnode as following.
i.e. # echo 0 > /sys/kernel/debug/camera-video0/streaming
please test this with the error handling applied, as the changes mentioned in comment #7.
thanks