There are 3 major ways Nvidia drivers are packaged for Debian, see the details on the Debian wiki.
Debian generally packages only LTS versions, so 535, 550 and probably soon they will also add 580.
I’m on 6.17.8 from trixie-backports as well and 590 (still in beta) from the Nvidia DC repo works fine for me. Previously I was using 580 from the DC repo for Debian-12 and it was also working fine with this kernel (the DC repo for D-13 have been created just a few days ago).
How exactly have you tried to install the driver and what sort of problems are you experiencing exactly? Please consider attaching a bug report file.