The problem is likely due to one of the issues listed in that error message. You’ll need to go through them one by one, modifying things to rule them out.
blacklisting nouveau is frequently not enough. Often it is necessary to remove it from the initrd image as well.
as root:
echo -e “blacklist nouveau\noptions nouveau modeset=0” > /etc/modprobe.d/disable-nouveau.conf
update-initramfs -u
It looks like you did something like the first line already - that is the blacklist. The second line will remove it from the initrd image.
Section 8.1 of the driver README document discusses nouveau:
[url]http://us.download.nvidia.com/XFree86/Linux-x86_64/340.24/README/index.html[/url]