If you know the compute capability of a GPU, you can find the minimum necessary CUDA version by looking at the table here.
The compute capabilities of those GPUs (can be discovered via deviceQuery) are:
H100 - 9.0
L40, L40S - 8.9
A100 - 8.0
A40 - 8.6
Looking at that table, then, we see the earliest CUDA version that supported cc8.0 is CUDA 11.0. The earliest version that supported cc8.6 is CUDA 11.1. The earliest CUDA version that supported either cc8.9 or cc9.0 is CUDA 11.8
For older GPUs you can also find the last CUDA version that supported that compute capability. For example, if you had a cc 3.5 GPU, you could determine that CUDA 11.x supports that GPU (still) whereas CUDA 12.x does not.
I acknowledge this is not a perfectly on-target answer to your question. I don’t know of a such a table/list. A list of GPU compute capabilities is here, but it is not always perfectly up-to-date (i.e. you may find omissions.) And if you have the GPU at hand/installed, you can find its compute capability via deviceQuery sample app.
I’m sure you may notice that there are discrepancies between my list and yours. For example your list indicates CUDA 12.2 minimum for L40S. This is a statement about the driver level CUDA API. By that I mean that each GPU also has its own minimum GPU driver version. I for one do not try to keep track of this, but instead simply offer the advice to install the latest driver. The latest currently available driver will work on all the GPUs you mention, and using a “CUDA 12.2” driver e.g. something like an R535 driver will not prevent you from using e.g. CUDA 11.8. This is a standard compatibility path in CUDA: newer drivers support older CUDA toolkit versions.
And when it comes to a software stack “needing CUDA 11.8”, that is primarily a statement about the necessary CUDA toolkit version (i.e. the runtime API version), not a required driver version. The driver simply needs to be new enough to support the specified CUDA version for the particular software stack. A newer driver will not preclude operation.