Looks like the condition for that error message is more complex than the error message says! If the headers didn’t match (inspite of the correct version number), then no MDL material could be loaded at all. So, this sounds more like a problem within SolidWorks, so I’d recommend contacting them.
I downloaded the appropriate Windows version, and was informed that a new installation of MDL Material Exchange was installed. (From my installation of vmaterials2). How should I proceed?
Sorry to hear that this doesn’t seem to work for you.
Please ask SolidWorks support for help, as this seems to be a problem in how they use the MDL SDK.
It would be nice, if you could tell us about SolidWorks’ solution, so others running into the problem can find help here.