Authentication issue with pulling Modulus v24.12 container

I got “FATAL: While performing build: conveyor failed to get: GET https://nvcr.io/v2/nvidia/modulus/manifests/24.12: UNAUTHORIZED: authentication required; [map[Action:pull Class: Name:nvidia/modulus Type:repository]]” when trying to pull Modulus container using Singularity since Docker is not installed. I have set SINGULARITY_DOCKER_USERNAME=$oauthtoken and SINGULARITY_DOCKER_PASSWORD=my_personal_key. I am not sure why I ran into the authentication issue after setting up the credentials. I also tried “curl -u $SINGULARITY_DOCKER_USERNAME:$SINGULARITY_DOCKER_PASSWORD https://nvcr.io/v2/nvidia/modulus/manifests/24.12” but got “{“errors”:[{“code”:“UNAUTHORIZED”,“message”:“authentication required”,“detail”:[{“Type”:“repository”,“Class”:”“,“Name”:“nvidia/modulus”,“Action”:“pull”}]}]}”. Any help will be greatly appreciated! Thanks!

I fix the problem by logging into a cloud cluster that has Docker installed and authenticated through docker first.