MIPI 4Lane 2.5G 接收不稳定

我们参考官方文档,设计了自己的底板,配套Orin Nano SOM来使用。
测试过程中发现4lane的MIPI在2.5G速率下工作不稳定(丢帧/断流)。
部分板子在2.3G/2.4G速率下才可以长时间稳定工作。

1.根据此现象,单独制作了转接板,设计文件提交在附件中。
转接板严格控制了MIPI走线长度(MIPI发送端到SOM连接器130mm左右),严格控制了MIPI 4LANE的对内等长和对间等长。测试效果还是不好。

  1. 经过进一步测试,以CS2为例,发现用2lane(CSI2_CLK/D0/D1)工作时2.5G都正常,所以怀疑是额外的2lane(CSI3_D0/D1)信号对CSI2_CLK有偏差影响了总体4lane(CSI2_CLK/D0/D1+CSI3_D0/D1)的接收。

3.于是对额外2lane(CSI3_D0/D1)配合其原有的时钟信号(CSI3_CLK)进行2lane测试,发现2.5G工作也正常。
所以怀疑是CSI3_D0/D1与CS2_CLK的匹配性不好,导致4lane的MIPI在2.5G时工作不稳定。
对此观察SOM板的金手指信号定义,发现CSI2_CLK/D0/D1信号在背面的PIN,而CSI3_CLK/D0/D1在正面。

4.基于以上测试和发现,在原有转接板上增加一路信号延长,其中CSI0_CLK/D0/D1+CSI1_D0/D1延长仍严格控制等长,CSI2_CLK/D0/D1+CSI3_D0/D1的延长做了不等长设计,CSI3_D0/D1比CSI0_CLK/D0/D1长约8mm。如下图。


经过延长发现,等长的延长对信号有微弱的负面影响,而不等长的延长对信号有显著改善,原先只能工作在2.1G的板子经过不等长的延长后也能在2.5G速率下稳定工作MIPI4lane了(>24H)。

5.基于第4点,我又补充做了MIPI波形测试(采样点靠近SOM连接器),发现等长连接下不同的MIPI数据lane之间几乎没有产生延时,而不等长设计下,加长的lane相较于未加长lane的延时约为50ps,波形对比图如下。

奇怪的事情是没有相位偏差的时候2.5G无法工作,额外的不等长而产生相位差时却能在2.5G下稳定工作。

综上所述,我有以下几个疑问:

Q1:Orin nano SOM 的MIPI走线是否针对4lane的应用做过适配,在硬件设计时将理论适配4lane的MIPI组合信号线长调整到对间等长?如:CSI2_CLK/D0/D1+CSI3_D0/D1 是否每个差分对间的走线长度相等。

Q2:设计指导中提到的2.5G工作时,数据和时钟信号时间差需要控制在16ps以内,此参数是针对主芯片还是对SOM板(指到金手指)的要求?

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6.我看了官方提供的底板参考设计(P3768_A04.brd),发现J21(规格书中表明支持CSI 1 x2 lane or 1 x4 lane)上的MIPI信号也存在对间不等长的情况,具体线长如下图。

可以看到,CSI3_D0/D1线长明显比CSI2_CLK/D0/D1都要长,而且根据理论计算得出的延时差也显著超过设计指导中提到的16ps。

基于此发现,我的疑问是:

Q3:官方是否有在J21上测试过2.5G 4lane MIPI接收?

Q4:对于底板走线CSI3_D0/D1线长明显更长的原因是什么?

因为看了走线延长的部分蛇形线不是很顺,应该是故意这么做的。

Q5:对于SOM板的应用,是否在适配的底板上需要针对MIPI做不等长的设计来补偿SOM板的走线。

Q6:如果Q5成立,除了参考底板的设计文件以外,是否有文档说明每个MIPI lane需要具体对CLK补偿多少长度?

感谢您的耐心阅读,期待能尽快得到您的回复。

nano MIPI connector.zip (1004.5 KB)
此为MIPI转接/延长板的PCB设计文件

Hi, the routing guideline in DG is for custom carrier board which should be well followed no matter what it is on devkit carrier.

1 Like

Hi Trumany,

Thank you for your reply.

If your point is correct, then devkit’s design clearly does not adhere to the routing guideline in DG, and our baseboard, which strictly adheres to the routing guideline in DG, does not work properly.
so please continue to answer my questions above:

Q1: Has Orin nano SOM’s MIPI wiring been adapted for 4lane applications, and the length of MIPI combined signal wires theoretically adapted for 4lane was adjusted to the same length between pairs during hardware design? For example, CSI2_CLK/D0/D1+CSI3_D0/D1, are the cable lengths of each difference pair are equal?
Q3: Has the 2.5G 4lane MIPI reception been officially tested on the J21?
Q4: What is the reason for the significantly longer CSI3_D0/D1 line for devkit?

As said, your design should follow routing guideline which had been valdiated on engineer platform no matter what it is on devkit.

Unfortunately, our design strictly followed the follow routing guideline, but it can’t work properly.
I have submitted the design file in the previous reply.
If possible, please review it and point out if there is anything out of compliance with the design guideline, thank you.
In addition, please reply to the questions I mentioned earlier, one by one.

We don’t provide review support in general as we have released design guide, checklist sheet and reference schematic. The failure on this could be caused by multi factor and since 2.5G rate had been validated before ship out, it should be some design issue on custom board. Please check that based on the docs we released.

On that note, I would like to know what baseboards you use to test SOM? Is it the devkit I mentioned earlier? Or another tooling board? CSI2_CLK/D0/D1+CSI3_D0/D1 on the test board, are the cable lengths of each difference pair are equal?

Please leave devkit questions along as it has nothing to do with custom design. Lots of customers had maken successful design based on the guide and reference. You may need to try to debug from other angle.

I just want to know your test situation of 2.5G 4lane MIPI, and the test conditions based on which the conclusion of PASS is reached.
In addition, can you provide SOM MIPI network layout line length table?

We don’t share that. Please refer to guide for the trace length and etc.

Let’s talk about the guide for the trace length.
In fact, the design guide does not specify how much line length should be achieved for each lane MIPI difference pair.
It only indicates that the delay between DQ/CLK and the maximum lengthshould be controlled.

Therefore, we have specially measured the waveform of MIPI signal near SOM for different situations, and found that it cannot work when the delay between DQ/CLK is less than 16ps, and it can work when the delay between DQ/CLK is about 50ps.
Note that delay is the only variable in the two test states, what’s your opinion on this?

If you do not understand the information I described above, can you ask your colleagues related to hardware designer step in and look at the relevant information?

I don’t think you really understand the DG. There is no need to request trace length of each lane again since max length and delay skew b/w Data and CLK are requested.
Regarding the failure on 16ps or 50ps, as said, it could be caused by many factors like your PCB routing impedance, signal noise and etc. And I really don’t undertand why you still focus on devkit questions. The spec in guide have been validated and used by many other customers, please don’t waste time on this and try to debug from other angles.

As for the impedance and noise you mentioned, I said before that the difference in delay is the only variable, which does not change other things.
We also tested the impedance, looked at the waveform, including the S-parameter, and found no anomalies.
What I said about the problem of 16ps/50ps is only by describing the phenomenon, hoping to obtain a more appropriate investigation direction.
I think I am asking the question here in the hope of getting your help to get the direction of analysis/solution.
By the way, I haven’t talked about devkit for a long time, so let’s get over it.

Is this still an issue to support? Any result can be shared?

Absolutely yes, most of the questions I have mentioned have not received any positive answers so far.

We are trying to plug the module into devkit testing and decide on the next attempt based on the results.
The next step may be to design and verify the MIPI unequal length for our baseboard. Of course, this cycle will be relatively long. If there is any conclusive progress, I will update it in this topic.

We dont have other suggestion than that in the Design Guide, checklist sheet and reference design docs. For custom board design, please well follow those docs like other customers did no matter what the test result on devkit is.